Raising Awareness for Health Equality

Raising Awareness for Health Equality The District health unit and Sudbury SDHU has established numerous plans/ initiative to enlighten and raise alertness towards health equality. The video Lets Start a Conversation about Health†¦ and Not Talk about Health Care at All. This video diverts attention from what society perceives health care problems are- doctor scarcity, hospital wait times, nurse scarcity, health care expenses/ cost- and prominences a new point of view. Awareness is drawn towards public health, fostering healthy demeanors, sustaining healthy environment and advocating for approaches to make health choice a simple one (Health Equality, n.d). In general the aim is to emphasize on equity and health prevention and this is achieved using analysis from the collective determinants of health indicated in the video and also from text book Countless findings check listed in the video aligns with textbook. There are numerous health issues that our community is accosted with like: diabetes, cancer, asthma, heart disease, obesity and many more, countless of us are in poor health (Health Equality, n.d). We are   educated that if we maintain healthy diet, a dynamic lifestyle, stop smoking as well as decrease excess drinking-we can stop ourselves from getting sick ( Health Equality, n.d ). There are many other elements that cause ill health that we mostly do not consider. There is a strong connection between an individuals socioeconomic status and their health. Recent statistics reveal the higher your income levels the less you will get ill and the video does a substantial job in bringing that view forward. When you receive less income you are usually more stressed.   Stressed about accommodation payment, family needs, transport, food and the checklist can go on. Stress is one of the principal cause of sickness. On an individual level there are numerous forces that influence ones health- activity, family, food, health care access, coping etc. health is the outcome of the lifestyle choice we make, the residence we can afford   and the social aggravation we face. These elements are internally connected to the education we acquire, our gross pay, and employment we hold and our perception of community. And these elements are also impacted by external elements such as culture, public strategies, and economy (Health Equality, n.d). This is connected to what we have been taught in class.   The video does a great job in communicating these health problems but they fail to be comprehensive with each factor stated. The video examines health income through a materialists view. This is the viewpoint that stress that social determinants of healths end results and how they are involved with social living conditions. The video does not indicate anything about the social comparison theories that are in the textbook. This is where   persons contrast their living condition to others   and if they sense they are wanting in any way they   encounter levels of stress, envy that impact their health ( Raphael .D, n.d ) . The video indicates that the preferable your socioeconomic status the healthier you are and this is accurate. However, there are also conditions where individual have everything at their disposal to be healthy and earn a good income yet have poor health. This can be induced by poor lifestyles choices, genetics but can be linked with the social collation theories. In the situation of Nadia from the video she was deeply suffering from asthma and got taken to the E.R again, she got taken to the E.R as a result of her smoking again, she began smoking again because she was stressed out about her accommodation molding, and she cant manage to fix it because the company she is working for made some cutbacks and she was affected. Nadia is not educated enough to do anything else. This is a chain response. The ending in the video concerning what Nadia would require for her health were that she requires low-cost housing and food, the power to make healthy   choices and efficient   coping skills. The video additionally explains how she would require healthy lifestyle modifications, education to get a better employment, enough money for clothing and food, good work benefits and a secure community with good family and friends. Also, what the video did not mention that is in the textbook regarding Nadias case is that she could encounter race, gender and ethnicity inequalities. Perhaps even with the good education she got, she may not be able to have immense income because of income inequalities as a result of ethnicity and race. Which will be a worse situation because she will have to repay her educational loan and take her maintenance expenses from that income (Raphael.D, n.d). Or maybe examine this through another point of view and view the negative style in workplaces at the moment. The individuals making the higher incomes tend to overwork themselves, prompting stress as well and even if Nadia acquires a good education and better paying job she too might get overburdened and overstrained by the task responsibility (Raphael.D, n.d). The average person watching the video would get it because the video does an excellent job in looking at the bigger idea of public policy issue. However, they would ignore that a video under the health equality resources do not mention   anything regarding race, income and ethnic inequality neither does it cover individuals with high incomes overworking themselves   causing elevated stress level as well. The information the video presents is concise and to the aim thus causing audience to feel like no information is lacking from the truth presented.

Analysis of an Ethical Dilemma Essay

One very debatable ethical dilemma in today’s society is euthanasia. Euthanasia, like any other medical treatment should be seen as a choice. As a society, there are obligations to the sick that should be up held, but morally and legally may not be supportable. There are many aspects that go with this choice besides the obligation. There are also stakeholders to consider as well as social values, morals and religious implications. Euthanasia is Greek for good death which translates into English as easy death or mercy killing. It was accepted by the ancient Greeks and Romans. Three Asian religious traditions accept euthanasia: Buddhism, Shintoism, and Confucianism. It was rejected by the 3 main monotheistic religions: Christianity, Judaism and Islam. It has its supporters and opponents in all countries. Two types of patients are involved in euthanasia: (a) a patient in a persistent vegetative state who is awake but is not aware of self or the environment. Such a patient has no higher brain functions and is kept alive on artificial life support (b) patient in terminal illness with a lot of pain, psychological suffering and loss of dignity. The patient may or may not be on life support. There are different types of euthanasia. Active euthanasia, an act of commission, is taking some action that leads to death like a fatal injection. Passive euthanasia, an act of omission, is letting a person die by taking no action to maintain life. Passive euthanasia can be withholding or withdrawing water, food, drugs, medical or surgical procedures, resuscitation like CPR, and life support such as the respirator. The patient is then left to die from the underlying disease. Sometimes a distinction is made between normal nutrition and hydration on one hand and medical nutritional support involving intravenous and naso-gastric feeding on the other hand. Euthanasia can be by the patient or by the health care giver. Euthanasia can be voluntary when the pat ient takes the decision, non-voluntary when the decision is made by another person for an unconscious patient and involuntary when the decision is made contrary to the patient’s wish. There are ethical implications of European and American arguments for and against euthanasia. Two arguments are made for active euthanasia: (a) mercy killing because of pain, psychological and physical suffering (b) the utilitarian argument is that euthanasia is desirable because it relieves the misery of the terminally ill. Two arguments are made against active  euthanasia: (a) killing is morally wrong and is forbidden by religion (b) unexpected cures or procedures may be discovered to reverse the terminal condition. Nurses are the gatekeepers of the healing facility, although they may have their own outlooks based on their own ethical, cultural, and religious views (LeBaron, 2010). There are always value conflicts when it comes to euthanasia, which can be demonstrated by examining utilitarianism and rights. The nursing practice should be to keep patients alive, do no harm, do everything possible to save the life, and do good to everyone by respecting the right or autonomy of the individual patient. Although most of Americans presently think that physician-assisted suicide should be legal and no existing federal laws prohibiting the practice of euthanasia in United States, voluntary/assisted euthanasia is yet considered illegal and killing in all of the States but in Oregon, Washington, and soon Montana (Webster, 2009). First, Oregon and recently Washington passed a Death with Dignity Act and are actually the only places where euthanasia in terminally ill patients is legally and openly authorized (Blizzard, 2012). In 2009’s Baxter v. Montana case, the Montana Supreme Court declared that no law in state constitution stops patients from practicing voluntary/assisted euthanasia (O’Reilley, 2010). Any time the legislature can act to join Oregon and Washington in the public arena. According to both States’ laws, an adult competent patient must address three witnessed solicitations, two verbally and one in writing, to his/her attending physician for a fatal medica tion. Then the patient administers the dose on her/ his own. Obviously, the Death with Dignity Act unambiguously bans assisted euthanasia that obliges another person than the patient to take part in administering the medication (Exit International Australia, 2012). As euthanasia is observed from a diversity of different perspective, the stake holders’ opinions are considered. In front comes the patient who wishes and requests to discontinue her/his life in respect to human right to select the time and manner of death when she/ he is terminal ill by stopping unwanted, burdensome and/or futile medical treatment. Other people entrusted with the euthanasia dilemma include physicians/healthcare professionals, the family, insurance companies, religious groups, and the government. The second stakeholder is families that have to admit and follow the desires of their loved one to die in nobility. The involvement in this kind of decision  may be an unbearable load for some families who would be would be either not ready to let their darling one go, which could generate a catch-22 mainly if they are bending patient’s wishes, or emotionally scarred by the death. Other stakeholders in this situation are physicians and other practitioners who might come across a real impasse because the euthanasia breaches the â€Å"do no harm† Hippocratic Oath. The insurance companies may drive the patient in opting for death to conserve the money on an individual who does not hope of staying alive. Some religious groups are against euthanasia and consider it a suicide. Lastly the government intervenes in the stake holder in this state of affairs in defensive position for citizen from illegal measures. Voluntary/assisted euthanasia is an ethical dilemma, and creates issues and disagreements amongst those involved (Gore, 2012). Netherland and Belgium are the two countries in the world to legalize euthanasia. In the US, Oregon and Washington also legalized euthanasia. The main barriers to legalize euthanasia are the government, religion, fear, education and the media. More religious people are against euthanasia. Education also plays a major role in euthanasia. The more education a person has he/she believes all individuals have the right to autonomy and therefore the person has the right to decide to end their life. Euthanasia has pros and cons. Pros include relief from pain, relief from low quality or vegetative state of life, relief from financial strain on health care system and the resources can be used for other people. The cons include family members can kill another family member if they don’t like them or reduce financial burden, loss of respect of human life and according to religious view God can only choose when to end life. In Euthanasia legalized countries, such as palliative care nurses in Belgium have important roles and responsibilities in working with euthanasia requested by patients and their families. The nurse involvement starts when the patient requests to euthanasia and ends by supporting family and loved ones. They are in key positions to provide valuable care to the patient and family. Nurses assist the health care team after the life threatening procedure. Pain management and comfort care are their main goals at that time. Nurses are open-minded and have unique relationships with the patient and family. â€Å"In the twentieth century, a number of social and technological changes made euthanasia a morally acceptable choice to growing numbers of people† (Wells, 2006). There are two  types of ethical theories that are going to be focused on. The first is utilitarianism, which is an action that is morally correct if its consequence is good for the greatest numbers. It generally focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number, and neglects the individual rights. The other theory is called deontology, which takes into consideration the way something is to be done and not just on the consequences of that action. One may tell a lie to the doctor, just to save a friend but doesnâ₠¬â„¢t think of the grave consequences they have to suffer later on. A person making a voluntary euthanasia uses the utilitarianism theory when making such a judgment. One might choose to voluntarily do euthanasia if the person has reached an all-time low and the only other option is to the act. The person has to have thoroughly thought about the consequences and make sure his or her judgment is not biased or is not taken personal. There are certain conditions that apply for one to request voluntary euthanasia. Conditions are an unlikelihood of recovering from a cure, suffering from a terminal illness, and most importantly, they must have a voluntary wish to die. As can be seen by the multiple views of the authors, euthanasia is not an easy topic to side on. Due to many religious beliefs, one may feel euthanasia is wrong. But as a nurse that sees suffering every day, this same person would support euthanasia if not condemned by his/her religion. With the support of the ‘do no harm’ belief, it can also be construed that assisting in euthan asia is not doing harm, but preventing harm for those with chronic severe pain. There is no nationwide movement for the majority of the states to legislate for euthanasia, but thankfully there are two, soon to be three compassionate states that have in-acted this law. References Blizzard, R. (2002). Right to die or dead to rights? Retrieved from http://www.gallup.com/poll/6265/Right-Die-Dead-Rights.aspx?version=print Euthanasia: The nurses role (2011). Issues in nursing. Retrieved on 10/3/12 from Nursing students 417.wordpress.com Exit International Australia (2012). Death with Dignity in Oregon (soon to be Montana. Retrieved from http://www.exitinternational.net/page/USA Gore, J. (2011) Stakeholders in Euthanasia. Retrieved from http://jacktgore.edublogs.org/2011/08/03/stakeholders-in-euthanasia/ LeBaron Jr, G. (2010). The ethics of euthanasia. Retrieved October 3, 2012, from http://www.quantonics.com/The_Ethics_of_Euthanasia_By_Garn_LeBaron.html Purtilo, R., & Doherty, R. (2011). Ethical dimensions in the health professions (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. Task Force on the Nurse’s Role in End-of-Life Decisions, 2011. (2011). Journal of Social Work Values and Ethics, 8(1). Webster, B. (2009). Assisted Suicide/Voluntary Euthanasia. International debate education association. UK. Retrieved from http://www.idebate.org/debatabase/topic_print.php?topicID=55 Wells, K. R., Frey, R. (2006). The gale encyclopedia of nursing and allied health ed. In J. L. LONGE (Ed.), (2 ed., Vol. 2, pp. 993-996). DETROIT, GALE

Smithers Implementation and Sigma Program Essays

Overview: This case talks about John Smithers and his experience with the new Six Sigma Program at Sigtek. The program was implemented by the parent company of Sigtek and Smithers and a colleague, Sam Murphy, were both selected to learn about this program from Telwork (the parent company) and then run the program to teach about change to the employees at Sigtek. Problems: The main problem that is seen in this case study is the fact that the Six Sigma program that was implemented to bring change was not working. To Smithers it felt as if corporate didn’t really care about the company or this program. There was not enough support given to the program or the need for change so that Six Sigma could actually be a positive†¦show more content†¦Vertical coordination is when higher levels control and coordinate the work of subordinates through authority, rules, policies, planning and control systems. In the case it can be seen that Telwork uses vertical coordination to have Sigtek and its other subsidiaries comply with its Six Sigma Program. It gets the upper level people of the company to do as they are told so that the program runs along at the pace that they had preordained for it. Through vertical coordination Telwork gets Smithers and Murphy to do this program according to the company’s views and at the company’s pace. Lateral coordination can also be seen in this case study. Smithers and Murphy head up meetings to help those that work at Sigtek understand the needs for a Six Sigma Program and then they try to use these meetings to implement change as they see fit (after getting input from employees that participated in the Six Sigma meetings). A task force is set up to bring these changes into effect. From this case we can say this situation illustrates excessive autonomy. All the instructions are giving down from the parent company and all that Smithers and Murphy can do is obey orders. They went to get trained and then came back to Sigtek to train the employees all according to the plans that were put in place by Telwork. There was no leeway at all for the two men to make their own judgments and even if they did; those judgmentShow MoreRelatedJohn Smithers Case in Leadership1052 Words   |  5 PagesJanuary 30, 2009 Professor Curry Case # 2: John Smithers Participating Members: CANADY, WR. Response Summary: Group Response to the John Smithers’ Case 1. In the case of Sigtek, was the change to a Six-Sigma Quality program a directed change or an elected change for the company? Does this make a difference in how top management supported change of the organization? Identify at least two instances in the case, which demonstrate the level of support provided by top managementRead MoreBusiness Case Study : Tata Motors3754 Words   |  16 Pages(TATA Group news, 2014). †¢ Customer service operations: TATA Motors is known for its reduced cost and quality products but at the same time the company is not very prompt at their customer service operation or responding to changes in the market. (Smithers, 2014). Opportunities †¢ Expansion in the product line (Rosner and Bean, 2009). †¢ More customization options for customers (winter, 2014). Threats †¢ Continuous changing market need †¢ Growing market competition especially in UK and Europe and theRead MoreImpooving Employee Performance72019 Words   |  289 PagesReview Program 2. The Basis for Appraisal Signiï ¬ cant Job Segments Standards of Performance 3. The Appraisal and the Interview The Appraisal Process Preparing for the Appraisal Interview Conducting the Appraisal Interview vii xiii xv 1 5 25 49 v vi C ON TE NT S 4. The Performance Improvement Plan Preparing an Effective Plan 5. On-the-Job Coaching The Effective Coach Coaching Approaches and Techniques 6. Five Program Requirements An Effective Performance Review Program Posttest

The Roman Empire an Economic Failure - 2064 Words

The history of economics is often only discussed from Mercantilism to the present era and the Neo-Classical school. However, Many of these economic theories that are discussed today originated over a millennia before in the Roman Empire. Prior to the insurgence of mercantilism was the era of the dark ages and the infamous feudal system that time and time again has been proven only to hinder growth or stop it all together. The feudal system didnt just appear from nowhere it was slowly developed over time and emerged out of a more complex economic system that mirrors the economies that arose from the feudal system. The Romans over centuries had developed a complex and volatile economy based on currency and free trade. However, the Roman†¦show more content†¦Stated more clearly, if silver becomes more abundant then the (fig 1.1) demand curve shifts left and the price or value decreases. Thus if your wealth is all in silver you could lose a lot of money. It would be as if your N ew York Stock Notes were used as cash instead of a coin. This caused many problems for the Romans to solve. Now putting the issue of currency to the side let us look deeper into other economic decisions that were made. The practice of distributing free food cost a large sum of money and the only way to combat this was to raise taxes. In the early stages of the empire Rome used a wealth tax on all forms of property, including land, houses, slaves, animals, money and personal effects.(Bartlett, 1994) At this time the tax was based on what was needed to pay for the army; and the tax was levied on individuals. As the Roman Empire expanded the tax became too difficult to collect so the tax was levied on communities instead. Another wrong decision made by the Romans was to institute tax farming. This was primarily done to ease the collection of taxes and in theory sounds to be a good choice. 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